Filing for bankruptcy is a significant financial decision that can help individuals and businesses eliminate or restructure overwhelming debt. While hiring a bankruptcy attorney is common practice, some people wonder if they can handle the process on their own. The short answer is yes—you can file for bankruptcy without an attorney, which is known as filing “pro se.” However, just because you can, doesn’t necessarily mean you should. This blog explores the pros and cons of going solo, the process, and when it’s best to seek legal guidance.  

What Does It Mean to File for Bankruptcy Pro Se?

Filing “pro se” simply means representing yourself in court without the help of an attorney. U.S. bankruptcy laws allow individuals to file on their own, and there are no restrictions preventing you from doing so. Many people consider this route to save on legal fees. But bankruptcy law can be extremely complex, and even small mistakes can result in case dismissal or the loss of valuable assets. That’s why even the United States Courts website recommends that filers seek legal counsel before moving forward.  

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Types of Bankruptcy Individuals Can File

Before you consider filing without an attorney, it’s important to understand which type of bankruptcy you’re filing:

• Chapter 7 Bankruptcy: Eliminates most unsecured debts. You may have to give up some assets.
• Chapter 13 Bankruptcy: Involves a 3–5 year repayment plan to catch up on debt while keeping your assets.
• Chapter 11 (rare for individuals): Typically used for businesses or individuals with very high debt levels.

Chapter 7 is the most common type for individuals, and also the one where people most often attempt to file without legal assistance.  

Can You Realistically Handle the Process on Your Own?

Filing for bankruptcy involves several steps:

1. Filing official court forms
2. Submitting detailed financial disclosures
3. Attending credit counseling
4. Attending the 341 meeting (creditors meeting)
5. Following federal and local court rules

Each of these steps requires strict attention to detail. Courts do not make exceptions for pro se filers—they are expected to follow the same legal procedures as attorneys. Even a small error—like missing paperwork or listing incorrect asset values—can lead to:

• Case delays
• Dismissal of your petition
• Loss of property you could have kept
• Difficulty discharging certain debts

In other words, mistakes can cost you more than what you would pay an attorney.  

Pros of Filing Without an Attorney

For some people, especially those with very simple cases, filing pro se may be a reasonable option. Here are a few potential advantages:

• Cost Savings: Avoiding attorney fees can save $1,000–$2,500 or more.
• Control: You have full control over every step of the process.
• Educational Experience: You’ll learn a lot about your own finances and the legal process.

However, these benefits can quickly be outweighed by the risks if your case becomes complicated.  

When You Should Consider Hiring a Bankruptcy Attorney

Even though it’s legal to file without one, hiring a bankruptcy attorney is highly recommended in many situations:

• You own a home or other valuable assets
• You are behind on mortgage or car payments
• You have non-dischargeable debts like taxes or student loans
• You are filing under Chapter 13 (repayment plan)
• You’ve filed bankruptcy before
• You run a small business

An attorney not only protects your interests but also helps ensure a smoother, faster, and more successful bankruptcy process.  

Where to Find Help If You Can’t Afford an Attorney

If the main reason you want to file without a lawyer is financial, there are still options:

• Legal Aid Societies: Many offer free or reduced-fee bankruptcy assistance based on income.
• Pro Bono Services: Some attorneys volunteer to handle cases for free.
• Bankruptcy Clinics: Community organizations sometimes hold free legal clinics.
• Nonprofit Credit Counseling Agencies: These can help you determine if bankruptcy is your best option.

For more information on these resources, check the U.S. Government’s official bankruptcy help page.  

Internal Support You Can Rely On

If you’re unsure whether to file on your own or with legal help, visit Legal Case Review to get connected with experienced bankruptcy attorneys. Our platform helps you understand your legal rights and options—before making such an important decision.  

Common Mistakes People Make When Filing Pro Se

If you still decide to move forward on your own, avoid these common errors:

• Failing to list all creditors
• Omitting income or assets
• Filing the wrong chapter
• Missing the credit counseling requirement
• Failing to attend the 341 meeting

These issues can lead to delays, dismissal, or even accusations of fraud.  

Final Thoughts

Yes, you can file for bankruptcy without a lawyer—but it’s a high-risk decision that should only be considered in very simple cases. Bankruptcy laws are technical and unforgiving, and making a mistake can cost far more than the money you save by avoiding legal fees. If you value peace of mind and a higher chance of success, working with a qualified bankruptcy attorney is the smarter route.  

FAQs About Filing Bankruptcy Without an Attorney

1. Is it legal to file bankruptcy without an attorney? Yes, it is completely legal. The process is known as “pro se” filing. 2. What forms do I need to file for bankruptcy on my own? You’ll need official bankruptcy forms from the U.S. Courts website, including the petition, schedules, and statement of financial affairs. 3. Can I file Chapter 13 without a lawyer? You can, but it’s strongly discouraged due to the complexity of repayment plans and court procedures. 4. Will the court help me if I make a mistake? No. The court cannot offer legal advice or correct errors for you. 5. Where can I get help if I can’t afford an attorney? Check local legal aid organizations or pro bono services in your area. Some credit counseling agencies can also assist you.

Don’t wait to secure the legal representation you deserve. Visit Legal Case Review today for free quotes and tailored guidance, or call 877-550-8911 for immediate assistance.