Being pulled over on suspicion of driving under the influence (DUI) can be a nerve-wracking experience. Police officers often request drivers to perform field sobriety tests (FSTs) to assess their level of impairment. A common question that arises is: Should I take the field sobriety tests if asked by police? The answer is not always straightforward and requires a thorough understanding of your rights, the nature of these tests, and the potential consequences.

This comprehensive article explores what field sobriety tests are, how they are administered, the accuracy and reliability of these tests, and the legal implications of taking or refusing them. We also provide practical advice on how to respond during a DUI stop and protect your rights. Whether you are in California (ZIP 90001), Texas (ZIP 73301), Florida (ZIP 33101), or anywhere else, this guide will provide you with the knowledge you need to make informed decisions.

What are Field Sobriety Tests (FSTs)?

Field sobriety tests (FSTs) are a series of evaluations administered by law enforcement officers during a DUI stop to determine if a driver is impaired. These tests are designed to assess a person’s balance, coordination, attention, and ability to follow instructions. FSTs are typically conducted roadside and are used to gather evidence that may support a DUI arrest.

It’s important to understand that FSTs are different from chemical tests like breathalyzers or blood tests, which measure blood alcohol concentration (BAC). FSTs are subjective assessments of impairment based on an officer’s observations.

Types of Standardized Field Sobriety Tests

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has developed a set of standardized field sobriety tests (SFSTs) that are widely used by law enforcement agencies. These tests include:

1. Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus (HGN)

This test involves the officer observing the driver’s eyes as they follow a moving object, such as a pen or finger. The officer looks for involuntary jerking of the eyes (nystagmus), which can indicate impairment.

2. Walk-and-Turn (WAT)

In this test, the driver is instructed to take nine steps heel-to-toe along a straight line, turn in a specific manner, and then take nine steps back. The officer observes the driver’s balance, coordination, and ability to follow instructions.

3. One-Leg Stand (OLS)

Here, the driver is asked to stand on one leg while counting aloud for approximately 30 seconds. The officer monitors the driver’s balance, swaying, hopping, and ability to maintain focus.

These standardized tests have specific procedures and scoring criteria. However, their accuracy and reliability have been subjects of debate and scrutiny.

Non-Standardized Field Sobriety Tests

In addition to the SFSTs, officers may administer other non-standardized tests, such as:

1. Romberg Balance Test

The driver is asked to stand with feet together, head tilted back, and eyes closed, estimating the passage of 30 seconds.

2. Finger-to-Nose Test

The driver is instructed to touch their nose with their index finger, alternating hands.

3. Alphabet Test

The driver is asked to recite a portion of the alphabet.

4. Counting Backwards

The driver is asked to count backwards from a specific number.

These non-standardized tests are even more subjective than SFSTs and have questionable reliability.

Accuracy and Reliability of FSTs

The accuracy and reliability of field sobriety tests have been extensively studied, and results vary. While NHTSA claims certain accuracy rates for SFSTs when administered correctly, numerous factors can affect the outcome:

1. Subjectivity

FSTs rely heavily on an officer’s subjective observations and interpretation.

2. Medical Conditions

Balance and coordination can be affected by medical conditions, injuries, or disabilities.

3. Environmental Factors

Roadside conditions, weather, and lighting can influence test performance.

4. Officer Training

Improperly trained officers may administer or interpret tests incorrectly.

5. Age and Weight

Older individuals and those with certain body types may struggle with balance tests.

Studies have shown that FSTs have a significant rate of false positives, meaning sober individuals may fail the tests due to factors unrelated to impairment.

If you believe you were unfairly assessed during FSTs, consult a DUI attorney or call 833-279-1850 for a free consultation.

Your Rights and Obligations During a DUI Stop

During a DUI stop, it’s essential to understand your rights and obligations:

1. Right to Remain Silent

You have the right to remain silent and not answer questions that may incriminate you.

2. Right to Refuse FSTs

In many states, you can refuse to take field sobriety tests without immediate legal penalties.

3. Implied Consent Laws

Most states have implied consent laws, which mean that by driving on public roads, you have agreed to submit to chemical tests (breath, blood, or urine) if lawfully arrested for DUI.

4. Right to Counsel

You have the right to request an attorney, although this right is typically invoked after an arrest and not during the initial roadside stop.

Knowing these rights is crucial when deciding whether to take FSTs.

Reasons to Consider Refusing FSTs

There are several reasons why you might consider refusing field sobriety tests:

1. Subjectivity

FSTs are subjective and prone to error.

2. Medical Conditions

Pre-existing medical conditions can affect your performance.

3. Lack of Legal Penalty

In many states, there is no direct legal penalty for refusing FSTs (unlike chemical tests).

4. Avoiding Self-Incrimination

Refusing FSTs can prevent you from providing evidence that could be used against you.

5. Limited Reliability

FSTs have questionable reliability in accurately determining impairment.

To understand the implications of refusing FSTs in your state, get a free case review or call 833-279-1850.

Reasons to Consider Taking FSTs

While there are valid reasons to refuse FSTs, there are also situations where taking them might be considered:

1. Sober Confidence

If you are confident that you are completely sober and can perform the tests well, taking them might help dispel the officer’s suspicions.

2. Building Rapport

Cooperating with the officer might help build rapport and de-escalate the situation.

3. Limited Evidence

If the officer has little other evidence of impairment, performing well on FSTs could lead to your release.

4. State Laws

In some states, refusing FSTs may be viewed negatively by the court.

The decision to take or refuse FSTs should be based on a careful assessment of your situation and rights.

Consequences of Taking or Refusing FSTs

Taking FSTs

• Positive Outcome: If you perform well, you may be released without arrest.

• Negative Outcome: If you perform poorly, the results can be used as evidence to support a DUI arrest.

Refusing FSTs

• Potential Arrest: The officer may arrest you based on other observations, such as driving behavior or the smell of alcohol.

• No Direct Legal Penalty: In many states, refusing FSTs does not result in immediate legal penalties (unlike chemical tests).

• Possible Court Implications: Refusal may be viewed negatively by the court or jury, though it cannot be used as direct evidence of guilt.

Understanding these consequences is crucial in making an informed decision during a DUI stop.

How FST Results Are Used in DUI Cases

If you take FSTs and the officer believes you performed poorly, the results will be documented in the police report. This information can then be used by the prosecution to build a case against you.

The prosecution may present the FST results as evidence of impairment, arguing that your balance, coordination, and ability to follow instructions were compromised. The officer may testify about their observations and interpretation of your performance.

However, a skilled DUI attorney can challenge the validity of FST results by highlighting their subjectivity, potential for error, and other factors that may have influenced your performance.

State-Specific Considerations for FSTs

DUI laws and FST regulations vary by state. Here are some examples:

California (ZIP 90001)

• FSTs are voluntary.

• Refusal cannot be used as direct evidence of guilt but may contribute to probable cause for arrest.

• The prosecution must prove impairment beyond a reasonable doubt.

Texas (ZIP 73301)

• FSTs are voluntary.

• Refusal is admissible in court.

• The officer must have reasonable suspicion to conduct a DUI stop.

Florida (ZIP 33101)

• FSTs are voluntary.

• Refusal can be considered when determining probable cause for arrest.

• Impairment can be proven through observation even with a BAC below 0.08%.

It is crucial to understand the specific laws in your state when making decisions during a DUI stop.

To understand how FST laws apply in your state, get a free case evaluation or call 833-279-1850.

Common Mistakes to Avoid During a DUI Stop

• Admitting Guilt: Avoid making statements that could be construed as an admission of guilt.

• Arguing with the Officer: Remain calm and respectful, even if you disagree with the officer’s actions.

• Providing Unnecessary Information: Only provide essential information, such as your driver’s license, registration, and insurance.

• Failing to Understand Your Rights: Know your rights and exercise them appropriately.

• Neglecting to Contact an Attorney: Consult a DUI attorney as soon as possible after a DUI stop.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Am I required to take field sobriety tests?

In many states, FSTs are voluntary, but refusing may lead to arrest based on other evidence.

2. What if I have a medical condition that affects my balance?

Inform the officer of your condition and how it may impact your performance on FSTs.

3. Can I change my mind after starting an FST?

It’s best to make a decision before starting the tests. Once you begin, it may be difficult to stop.

4. Will the officer explain the FSTs to me?

Officers should provide instructions, but it’s essential to understand the tests before agreeing to take them.

5. Can the officer arrest me even if I pass the FSTs?

Yes, if the officer has other evidence of impairment, such as erratic driving or the smell of alcohol.

6. What happens if I refuse all tests, including chemical tests?

Refusing chemical tests typically results in automatic license suspension and other penalties under implied consent laws.

7. How can a DUI attorney help me after a DUI stop?

A DUI attorney can protect your rights, challenge the evidence against you, and provide guidance throughout the legal process.

Need more answers about DUI stops and FSTs? Talk to a DUI lawyer now or call 833-279-1850.

Why You Need a DUI Attorney

A DUI arrest can have significant consequences, including fines, license suspension, and jail time. An experienced DUI attorney can:

• Evaluate the details of your case and identify potential defenses.

• Challenge the validity of the FST results and other evidence.

• Negotiate with the prosecution to reduce charges or penalties.

• Represent you in court and protect your rights throughout the legal process.

Having skilled legal representation can make a significant difference in the outcome of your DUI case.

Deciding whether to take field sobriety tests is a complex decision that requires careful consideration of your rights, the circumstances of the stop, and the potential consequences. Understanding what FSTs are, how they are administered, and their limitations is crucial in making an informed choice.

If you are stopped for DUI, remain calm, exercise your right to remain silent, and contact a qualified DUI attorney as soon as possible.

If you or a loved one is facing DUI charges, don’t wait. Connect with a top DUI attorney today or call 833-279-1850 for a free, confidential consultation.

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Laws vary by state and individual circumstances. Consult a qualified attorney for advice specific to your case.

For more information, visit the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration or your state’s Department of Motor Vehicles website.